What sparked the head-lice headline epidemic was a talk by Drs. On 20 August 2015, published an article titled “‘Mutant’ head lice study funded by companies that treat head lice” which reported: Yoon’s research was funded by Sanofi, a pharmaceutical company that owns Sklice lotion, which contains a newer generation lice-fighting chemical. It has not been evaluated by independent experts for publication in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. The study was presented Tuesday at the American Chemical Society meeting. In the past, this group’s research has received financial support from pharmaceutical companies that make such prescription medicine. Among lice samples from 84 people in these countries, 99.6% of the insects had mutations in genes that could allow them to survive the insecticides permethrin and pyrethrin, which are the active ingredients in over-the-counter remedies. A 2014 study suggested the potential for resistance is high in several areas in the United States and Canada. Reports of lice resistance started appearing in the mid 1990s in the United States, Europe and Australia. So the problem of mutated head lice wasn’t necessarily a new one, as the press release clarified, adding: “The solution? Yoon says that lice can still be controlled by using different chemicals, some of which are available only by prescription.” Why lice haven’t developed resistance there is still under investigation, Yoon says. The only state with a population of lice still largely susceptible to the insecticide was Michigan. Samples from four states - New York, New Jersey, New Mexico and Oregon - had one, two or three mutations. Having all the mutations means these populations are the most resistant to pyrethroids. Population samples with all three genetic mutations associated with kdr came from 25 states, including California, Texas, Florida and Maine. In the most recent study, he cast the widest net yet, gathering lice from 30 states with the help of a broad network of public health workers. in 2000 when he was a graduate student at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Yoon became one of the first to report the phenomenon in the U.S. The first report on this development came from Israel in the late 1990s. Yoon, who is with Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, explains that the momentum toward widespread pyrethroid-resistant lice has been building for years. Yoon was described as first having rung the alarm as early as 2000, after separate concerns arose in the 1990s: While the release and subsequent reporting were largely congruent, the latter also made it clear that treatment-resistant lice was by no means a new threat. The articles coincided with an 18 August 2015 press release published by the American Chemical Society. ![]() Lice populations from four other states had one, two or three mutations, and in just one state - Michigan - were the pests not resistant at all to the insecticide. In 25 of the states, lice samples had all three of these genetic mutations, making them the most resistant to treatment. Yoon, PhD, assistant professor in the Biological Sciences and Environmental Sciences Program at Southern Illinois University, has been researching lice since 2000 … His research is still ongoing, but what he’s found so far in 109 samples from 30 states is startling: the vast majority of lice now carry genes that are super-resistant to the over-the-counter treatment used against them. Citing “new research presented at the American Chemical Society’s national meeting,” the article reported: Given head lice are a massive inconvenience to schools and families without added superpowers, the news spread across Facebook and Twitter quickly. Among the articles was an 18 August 2015 piece published to TIME, titled “Head Lice in 25 States Are Now Resistant to Treatment.” (A regional news site later described it not-at-all terrifyingly as “genetically mutated super lice.”) In August 2015 (just as kids were heading back to school around the United States), a number of web sites published articles about a purportedly new, treatment-resistant strain of head lice.
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